Presentation

Does the paper present a cohesive argument? Are the ideas clearly articulated and logically structured?

Writing

Does the title characterize the manuscript? Is the writing concise, coherent, and easy to follow?

Length

Are there sections of the paper that should be expanded, condensed, summarized, combined, or removed?

Title

Is the title concise, avoiding implicit terms and unnecessary abbreviations, and does it clearly reflect the main result or conclusion of the manuscript?

Abstract

Does the abstract clearly include: (1) the aim of the study, (2) the method, (3) the main results or findings, and (4) the conclusion?

Introduction

The introduction should clearly describe:

• The background of the study;
• State of the art and relevant studies to justify the novelty;
• Gap analysis and novelty statement;
• Hypothesis or problem statement (if applicable);
• Approach used to address the problem;
• The objectives of the study.

Method

• The method is clearly written so that other researchers can replicate the study;
• The procedure is described in detail, not merely defining terms;
• The research location, participants, instruments, and data analysis are clearly explained.

Results and Discussion

• Data are presented in processed form (tables or figures), accompanied by clear explanations;
• Results address the research questions or objectives stated in the Introduction;
• Findings are compared with previous studies, highlighting similarities or differences;
• Scientific interpretations are provided for each result;
• Research implications are clearly described;
• Limitations or methodological drawbacks are acknowledged;
• Suggestions for future research or further development are provided.

Conclusion

The conclusion should:

• Address the research objectives;
• Include implications or recommendations (optional);
• Be written in paragraph form rather than bullet points.